埃坡霉素（Epothilone）是治疗多种肿瘤的抗癌新药，作用机理与紫杉醇类似，目前该药正在世界各国开展治疗小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、晚期乳腺癌、复发性胶质瘤等癌症的临床试验。目前，此项目正处于研发阶段，水平低，有待提高，欢迎合作。
埃博霉素(Epothilone)是由微生物粘细菌SeorangiumCellulosum产生的一新型天然细胞毒化合物，与对人类不同实体瘤细胞有明显抗肿瘤活性的紫杉醇在生物学上具有相似性，以同样方式诱导微管蛋白多聚体形成超稳定态，阻碍有丝分裂，阻止肿瘤细胞繁殖。而且埃博霉素在许多方面优于紫杉醇，例如：它由微生物产生，具有通过微生物发酵大规模生产的潜力；水溶性好；结构比紫杉醇简单，具有良好的化学修饰潜力；对紫杉醇耐药的肿瘤细胞具有高活性。这些特征使得埃博霉素被认为是紫杉醇的更新换代产品，是极具市场潜力的新型抗癌新药。因此，自从1995年发现埃博霉素的抗癌活性后，其得到了包括化学、生物学、医药学等多方面的广泛而深入的研究。根据目前的研究水平，预计这类药物在3－5年内将投放市场。
埃博霉素是治疗多种肿瘤的抗癌新药，作用机理与紫杉醇类似，目前该药正在世界各国开展治疗小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、晚期乳腺癌、复发性胶质瘤等癌症的临床试验。
The epothilones are a new class of cytotoxic molecules identified as potential chemotherapeutic drugs. As of September 2008, epothilones A to F have been identified and characterised. Early studies in cancer cell lines and in human cancer patients indicate superior efficacy to the taxanes. Their mechanism of action is similar, but their chemical structure is simpler. Due to their better water solubility, cremophors (solubilizing agents used for paclitaxel which can affect cardiac function and cause severe hypersensitivity) are not needed. Endotoxin-like properties known from paclitaxel, like activation of macrophages synthesizing inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide, are not observed for epothilone B.
Epothilones were originally identified as metabolites produced by the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum.
The principal mechanism of the epothilone class is inhibition of microtube function.Microtubules are essential to cell division, and epothilones therefore stop cells from properly dividing. Epothilone B possess the same biological effects as taxol both in vitro and in cultured cells. This is because they share the same binding site, as well as binding affinity to the microtubule. Like taxol, epothilone B binds to the αβ-tubulin heterodimer subunit. Once bound, the rate of αβ-tubulin dissociation decreases, thus stabilizing the microtubules. Furthermore, epothilone B has also been shown to induce tubulin polymerization into microtubules without the presence of GTP. This is caused by formation of microtubule bundles throughout the cytoplasm. Finally, epothilone B also causes cell cycle arrest at the G2-M transition phase, thus leading to cytotoxicity and eventually cell apoptosis。
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